o1-low vs o4-mini-high KQL Benchmark

Identify the PowerShell cmdlet used on Windows to format and display the raw volume bytes after an attacker read the boot sector via a DOS device path.

A Linux host’s Syslog shows a shell-based network discovery script ran multiple commands. One of them listed current TCP connections. Which utility was invoked?

Using Windows process event logs, investigate PowerShell activity around lsass.exe memory capture. What was the name of the script file invoked to perform the dump?

An analyst suspects a user or script ran a service enumeration command on a Linux system. Review process events to find the service-listing invocation and specify the full command that was executed.

An analyst notices a PowerShell process on a Windows host that appears to be checking SMB connectivity. Which PowerShell cmdlet was executed to perform this outbound port 445 test?

On a Linux system, review process creation logs to spot any dd commands reading from /proc/*/mem. What was the name of the file where the dumped memory was written?

On a Windows endpoint, review process creation logs to uncover when a built-in utility was used to reveal ARP entries. What exact command was used to list the ARP cache?

A Windows host shows a process launch with an extremely obfuscated command line that dynamically builds and invokes code at runtime. Which process name was used to execute this payload?

A threat actor on a Windows system crafted and registered a service named almost identically to the standard time service, but redirecting execution to a custom script. Review the logging data to determine which native command-line tool was used to perform this action. What utility was invoked?

An analyst suspects that a restricted shell escape was executed using a common Perl package manager on Linux. Review the process execution records to determine which tool was invoked to spawn the shell.

On a Linux endpoint, process events reveal a chain of group‐enumeration utilities executed by a single session. Which utility was used to query the system’s group database?

On a Linux device, a file was silently removed from the /tmp/victim-files directory. Search through file event or syslog records to identify the exact file name that was deleted.

On a Windows endpoint, wscript.exe was used to run a JScript. Identify the exact script path passed to wscript.

On a Linux host, review account management activity in Syslog or process event logs to pinpoint which command was executed to create a new local user. What was the name of the tool invoked?

Review Windows process logs to find which built-in command was executed to reveal the system’s hostname.

A Windows host logs a change to the Terminal Server registry key disabling single-session per user. Which command-line utility executed this registry modification?

On Windows systems, disabling RDP via the registry generates registry write events. Investigate registry event logs for modifications under the Terminal Server configuration path. What is the name of the registry value that was changed to disable Remote Desktop Protocol?

Review registry event logs on the Windows host for PowerShell-driven writes to system policy and file system keys. Which registry value names were created during this BlackByte preparation simulation?

On a Windows device, examine registry event logs for modifications under the System policies path. Determine which registry value name was altered to disable the shutdown button at login.

On a Windows host, registry events reveal that PowerShell modified a value under the WDigest provider. Identify the exact command line that performed this registry change.

A Linux host was used to collect various system release files and kernel details, writing them into a single file under /tmp. What was the name of that output file?

On a Linux host, an activity was recorded where the local clock and timezone were queried. Review the available process execution logs to uncover what full command was run to fetch the system time and timezone.

A Windows host logs show PowerShell fetching and executing a remote script to gain SeDebugPrivilege token duplication. Which Empire module was invoked?

A Windows host recorded a process that simply executes the system’s native time utility. Without spelling out the query, determine which command was run based on process creation events.

You notice rundll32.exe being used with desk.cpl,InstallScreenSaver on a Windows endpoint. Investigate your process creation logs to find which .scr file was loaded by this unusual invocation.