// question

On Linux, review the process execution logs to uncover when Chromium’s bookmark JSON files were being located and the results persisted. Focus on shell commands that search under .config/chromium and write output to a file. What was the filename used to save the findings?

Reference KQL answer and model-by-model comparison.

88ca025b-3040-44eb-9168-bd8af22b82fa
question id
15/23
models correct
1
valid answer
65%
success rate
// reference answer

Human-validated correct answer for this question.

T1217-Chrome.txt
// model comparison
ModelAnswerKQL queryStatusTriesTimeCost
gemini-2.5-flash-preview-04-17
/tmp/T1217-Chrome.txt
DeviceProcessEvents
| where ActionType == "ProcessCreated"
| where ProcessCommandLine has ".config/chromium" and ProcessCommandLine has ">"
| extend OutputFilename = trim_start(' ', substring(ProcessCommandLine, indexof(ProcessCommandLine, '>') + 1))
| project Timestamp, DeviceName, AccountName, ProcessCommandLine, OutputFilename
pass111.60s0.0041
gpt-35-turbo
no answer
no query generatedfail50.00s0.0109
gpt-4-turbo-2024-04-09
/tmp/T1217-Chrome.txt
DeviceProcessEvents
| where ProcessCommandLine contains ".config/chromium"
  and (ProcessCommandLine contains "find" and (ProcessCommandLine contains ">" or ProcessCommandLine contains ">>" or ProcessCommandLine contains "|"))
| extend target_file = extract_all(@"(?:[|]|>>?)\s*([^\s>]+)", ProcessCommandLine)
| mv-expand target_file to typeof(string)
| project TimeGenerated, DeviceName, AccountName, ProcessCommandLine, target_file
pass432.56s0.2053
gpt-4.1
/tmp/T1217-Chrome.txt
DeviceProcessEvents
| where ProcessCommandLine has '.config/chromium' and (ProcessCommandLine has '.json' or ProcessCommandLine has 'Bookmarks')
| where ProcessCommandLine has_any (">", ">>")
| where ProcessCommandLine matches regex @'\b(find|grep|cat)\b'
| extend OutputFile = extract(@'>\s*([^ >]+)', 1, ProcessCommandLine)
| summarize Count=count(), FirstSeen=min(TimeGenerated), LastSeen=max(TimeGenerated) by DeviceName, ProcessCommandLine, OutputFile
| project DeviceName, FirstSeen, LastSeen, ProcessCommandLine, OutputFile, Count
| order by FirstSeen asc
pass16.73s0.0121
gpt-4.1-finetuned
no answer
no query generatedfail50.00s0.0449
gpt-4.1-mini
/tmp/T1217-Chrome.txt
DeviceProcessEvents
| where ProcessCommandLine has_any ("find", "grep") and ProcessCommandLine has ".config/chromium"
| where ProcessCommandLine contains ">" or ProcessCommandLine contains "tee"
| extend OutputFile = extract(@"[>|] ?([^\s]+)", 1, ProcessCommandLine)
| project TimeGenerated, ProcessCommandLine, OutputFile
| order by TimeGenerated asc
pass13.57s0.0023
gpt-4.1-nano
no answer
no query generatedfail50.00s0.0018
gpt-4o
no answer
no query generatedfail50.00s0.0658
gpt-5-high
no answer
no query generatedfail50.00s0.2960
gpt-5-mini-high
/tmp/T1217-Chrome.txt
// Find process events on Linux where commands search under ~/.config/chromium and redirect output to a file
let redirect_ops = @"(>|\|\s*tee\b|2>\s*|&>\s*)"; 
let chromium_path_pattern = @"\.config/chromium";
let bookmark_keywords = dynamic(["Bookmarks","Bookmarks.bak","bookmark","bookmark*","*Bookmarks*"]);

// Search DeviceProcessEvents (more detailed process telemetry) and DeviceEvents (fallback) for command lines
(
    DeviceProcessEvents
    | where ProcessCommandLine has_cs ".config/chromium" or InitiatingProcessCommandLine has_cs ".config/chromium"
    | where ProcessCommandLine matches regex @".*(Bookmarks|Bookmarks\.bak|bookmark).*"  or InitiatingProcessCommandLine matches regex @".*(Bookmarks|Bookmarks\.bak|bookmark).*"
    | where ProcessCommandLine contains ">" or ProcessCommandLine contains "tee" or ProcessCommandLine contains "2>" or ProcessCommandLine contains "&>"
    | extend CommandLine = tostring(ProcessCommandLine), Time = ProcessCreationTime, Device = DeviceName, PID = ProcessId, InitiatingCommandLine = tostring(InitiatingProcessCommandLine)
)
| union (
    DeviceEvents
    | where ProcessCommandLine has_cs ".config/chromium" or InitiatingProcessCommandLine has_cs ".config/chromium"
    | where ProcessCommandLine matches regex @".*(Bookmarks|Bookmarks\.bak|bookmark).*"  or InitiatingProcessCommandLine matches regex @".*(Bookmarks|Bookmarks\.bak|bookmark).*"
    | where ProcessCommandLine contains ">" or ProcessCommandLine contains "tee" or ProcessCommandLine contains "2>" or ProcessCommandLine contains "&>"
    | extend CommandLine = coalesce(ProcessCommandLine, InitiatingProcessCommandLine), Time = TimeGenerated, Device = DeviceName, PID = ProcessId
)
| extend OutputFile = extract(@"(?:>\s*|tee\s+|2>\s*|&>\s*)([^\s;|]+)", 1, CommandLine)
| project Time, Device, PID, FileName, CommandLine, InitiatingCommandLine, OutputFile
| where isnotempty(OutputFile)
| summarize count() , any(Device) , any(FileName) by OutputFile, tostring(CommandLine)
| order by count_ desc
| take 50
pass113.59s0.0033
gpt-5-mini-low
/tmp/T1217-Chrome.txt
union isfuzzy=true DeviceProcessEvents, DeviceEvents
| extend cmd = coalesce(ProcessCommandLine, InitiatingProcessCommandLine)
// Only consider records that mention chromium config and a save/redirect operation
| where isnotempty(cmd) and cmd contains ".config/chromium" and (cmd contains ">" or cmd contains "tee" or cmd contains "curl -o" or cmd contains "wget -O" or cmd contains ">>")
// Try multiple patterns to capture the target filename for redirects, tee and curl/wget -o/-O
| extend outfile = coalesce(
    extract("(?:>>|>)[ \t]*([^ \t;|]+)", 1, cmd),
    extract("\\btee(?:[ \t]+-[^ \t]+[ \t]*)*[ \t]+([^ \t;|]+)", 1, cmd),
    extract("(?:curl|wget)[^;|]*?(?:-o|-O)[ \t]*([^ \t;|]+)", 1, cmd)
)
| where isnotempty(outfile)
| extend outfile = trim("'\";| ", outfile)
| project TimeGenerated, DeviceName, AccountName, ProcessFileName = coalesce(FileName, InitiatingProcessFileName), cmd, outfile
| order by TimeGenerated desc
pass499.10s0.0191
gpt-5-mini-medium
/tmp/T1217-Chrome.txt
let linuxDevices = DeviceInfo
| where tolower(OSPlatform) has "linux"
| distinct DeviceId;

union DeviceProcessEvents, DeviceEvents
| where DeviceId in (linuxDevices)
| where (isnotempty(ProcessCommandLine) and tolower(ProcessCommandLine) contains ".config/chromium")
    or (isnotempty(InitiatingProcessCommandLine) and tolower(InitiatingProcessCommandLine) contains ".config/chromium")
| extend cmd = coalesce(ProcessCommandLine, InitiatingProcessCommandLine)
| where cmd matches regex @".*(>|>>|\|\s*tee).*"
| extend outputFile = extract(@"(?:>\s*|>>\s*|\|\s*tee(?:\s+-a)?\s+)([^ \t\n;|]+)", 1, cmd)
| project TimeGenerated, DeviceName, AccountName, InitiatingProcessFileName, ProcessId, cmd, outputFile
| order by TimeGenerated desc
pass126.45s0.0070
gpt-5-nano-high
T1217-Chrome.txt
DeviceProcessEvents
| where isnotempty(InitiatingProcessCommandLine)
| where InitiatingProcessCommandLine contains_cs ".config/chromium"  // Linux Chromium config path (case sensitive)
| where (
    InitiatingProcessCommandLine contains_cs "grep" or
    InitiatingProcessCommandLine contains_cs "find" or
    InitiatingProcessCommandLine contains_cs "rg" or
    InitiatingProcessCommandLine contains_cs "locate" or
    InitiatingProcessCommandLine contains_cs "fd" or
    InitiatingProcessCommandLine contains_cs "ripgrep"
  )
| where InitiatingProcessCommandLine contains_cs ">" or InitiatingProcessCommandLine contains_cs ">>" 
| extend RedirectTargetRaw = extract(@">\s*(.*)$", 1, InitiatingProcessCommandLine)
| extend RedirectTarget = RedirectTargetRaw
| project TimeGenerated, DeviceName, InitiatingProcessCommandLine, RedirectTarget
pass141.87s0.0028
gpt-5-nano-medium
/tmp/T1217-Chrome.txt
DeviceProcessEvents
| where TimeGenerated >= ago(30d)
| extend CmdLine = coalesce(InitiatingProcessCommandLine, ProcessCommandLine)
| extend FolderPath = coalesce(InitiatingProcessFolderPath, FolderPath)
| where tolower(FolderPath) contains ".config/chromium" or tolower(CmdLine) contains ".config/chromium"
| where (tolower(CmdLine) contains "grep" or tolower(CmdLine) contains "find" or tolower(CmdLine) contains "grep -R" or tolower(CmdLine) contains "grep -r")
| where (tolower(CmdLine) contains ">" or tolower(CmdLine) contains ">>" or tolower(CmdLine) contains "tee")
| extend OutputFile = tostring(coalesce(extract("[>]{1,2}\\s*([^\\s]+)$", 1, CmdLine), extract("tee\\s+([^\\s]+)$", 1, CmdLine)))
| project TimeGenerated, DeviceId, DeviceName, CmdLine, FolderPath, OutputFile
pass3141.25s0.0062
grok-3-beta
T1217-Chrome.txt
DeviceProcessEvents
| where ProcessCommandLine contains ".config/chromium" 
| where ProcessCommandLine matches regex "(find|grep|ls)" 
| where ProcessCommandLine contains ">" or ProcessCommandLine contains ">>"
| extend OutputFile = extract(">>?.*?([\\/]?[\\/a-zA-Z0-9._-]+)", 1, ProcessCommandLine)
| project Timestamp, DeviceName, AccountName, ProcessCommandLine, OutputFile
| order by Timestamp desc
pass117.20s0.0221
grok-3-mini-beta
/tmp/T1217-Chrome.txt
DeviceProcessEvents
| join kind=inner (DeviceInfo | where OSPlatform == 'Linux' | project DeviceId, DeviceName) on DeviceId
| where ProcessCommandLine contains '.config/chromium' and ProcessCommandLine contains '>'
| extend Filename = extract(@' > \"([^\"]+)\"| > ([^ ]+)', 1, ProcessCommandLine)  // Extracts filename after '>' , handling quoted or unquoted paths
| project TimeGenerated, DeviceName, ProcessCommandLine, Filename
| summarize arg_max(TimeGenerated, *) by Filename  // Summarizes to show the latest occurrence per filename
pass115.57s0.0016
o1-high
no answer
no query generatedfail50.00s0.9651
o1-low
/tmp/T1217-Chrome.txt
DeviceProcessEvents
| join kind=inner (
    DeviceInfo
    | where OSPlatform =~ "Linux"
    | project DeviceId
) on DeviceId
| where ProcessCommandLine has ".config/chromium"
      and (ProcessCommandLine contains ">" or ProcessCommandLine contains ">>")
| extend SavedFile = extract(@"(?:>|>>)\s+([^\s]+)", 1, ProcessCommandLine)
| project TimeGenerated, DeviceName, ProcessCommandLine, SavedFile
| summarize UniqueFilenames = make_set(SavedFile)
pass494.29s0.7128
o3-high
no answer
no query generatedfail50.00s0.0987
o3-mini-high
SavedFile
DeviceProcessEvents
| where ProcessCommandLine has ".config/chromium" and ProcessCommandLine has ">"
| extend SavedFile = extract(@">\s*([^\s]+)", 1, ProcessCommandLine)
| where isnotempty(SavedFile)
| summarize by SavedFile
| project SavedFile
fail137.52s0.0086
o3-mini-low
T1217-Chrome.txt
DeviceProcessEvents
| where ProcessCommandLine has ".config/chromium" and ProcessCommandLine has ">"
| extend outputFile = extract(@">\s*([^\s]+)", 1, ProcessCommandLine)
| where isnotempty(outputFile)
| project TimeGenerated, DeviceName, ProcessCommandLine, outputFile
| order by TimeGenerated desc
pass112.03s0.0120
o4-mini-high
/tmp/T1217-Chrome.txt
DeviceProcessEvents
| where InitiatingProcessFileName in ("bash","sh","dash","zsh")
| where ProcessCommandLine has ".config/chromium" and ProcessCommandLine has ">"
| extend SavedFile = extract("[>]{1,2}\\s*['\"`]?([^'\"`;&| ]+)", 1, ProcessCommandLine)
| where isnotempty(SavedFile)
| distinct SavedFile
pass3124.81s0.0458
o4-mini-low
/tmp/T1217-Chrome.txt
let linuxDevices = DeviceInfo
| where OSPlatform == "Linux"
| distinct DeviceId;

DeviceProcessEvents
| where DeviceId in (linuxDevices)
      // Only Chromium config paths
      and ProcessCommandLine has ".config/chromium"
      // Common shell search utilities
      and (ProcessCommandLine has "find" or ProcessCommandLine has "grep" or ProcessCommandLine has "locate")
      // Redirecting output to a file
      and ProcessCommandLine matches regex @">>?\s+\S+"
| extend OutputFile = extract(@"[>]{1,2}\s*(\S+)", 1, ProcessCommandLine)
| project Timestamp = TimeGenerated,
          DeviceName,
          Shell = InitiatingProcessFileName,
          CommandLine = ProcessCommandLine,
          OutputFile
| order by Timestamp asc
pass5209.23s0.0486