// question

Using Linux process execution logs, identify the specific command that was used to filter loaded kernel modules for entries containing “vmw.” What was that full command?

Reference KQL answer and model-by-model comparison.

034fe21c-3186-49dd-8d5d-128b35f181c7
question id
14/23
models correct
1
valid answer
61%
success rate
// reference answer

Human-validated correct answer for this question.

grep vmw /proc/modules
// model comparison
ModelAnswerKQL queryStatusTriesTimeCost
gemini-2.5-flash-preview-04-17
grep vmw /proc/modules
DeviceProcessEvents
| where ActionType == "ProcessCreated"
| where ProcessCommandLine contains "lsmod" and ProcessCommandLine contains "vmw"
| distinct ProcessCommandLine
pass116.47s0.0066
gpt-35-turbo
lsmod; kmod list; grep vmw /proc/modules
DeviceProcessEvents | where ProcessCommandLine contains 'vmw' | summarize Count=count() by ProcessCommandLine | project ProcessCommandLine
pass12.21s0.0026
gpt-4-turbo-2024-04-09
sudo lsmod | grep -i "vmw_baloon\\|vmxnet"
DeviceProcessEvents
| where ProcessCommandLine has 'lsmod' and ProcessCommandLine has 'vmw' and (ProcessCommandLine contains 'grep' or ProcessCommandLine contains 'awk')
| summarize count() by ProcessCommandLine
| order by count_ desc
| project ProcessCommandLine
fail454.64s0.2050
gpt-4.1
grep vmw /proc/modules
DeviceProcessEvents
| where ProcessCommandLine has_any ('lsmod', 'cat /proc/modules') and ProcessCommandLine has 'grep vmw'
| project TimeGenerated, DeviceName, AccountName, ProcessCommandLine
| distinct ProcessCommandLine
pass16.00s0.0113
gpt-4.1-finetuned
no answer
no query generatedfail50.00s0.0438
gpt-4.1-mini
grep vmw /proc/modules
DeviceProcessEvents
| where ProcessCommandLine contains "lsmod" and ProcessCommandLine contains "vmw"
| distinct ProcessCommandLine
pass14.39s0.0023
gpt-4.1-nano
grep -i vmware\|virtualbox
DeviceProcessEvents
| where ProcessCommandLine contains 'vmw'
| where ProcessCommandLine matches regex '(grep|cat|awk)' // Filtering commands likely used for filtering kernel modules
| project TimeGenerated, ProcessCommandLine
| top 1 by TimeGenerated desc
fail12.88s0.0005
gpt-4o
no answer
no query generatedfail50.00s0.0446
gpt-5-high
no answer
no query generatedfail50.00s0.2715
gpt-5-mini-high
grep vmw /proc/modules
DeviceProcessEvents
| where tolower(ProcessCommandLine) contains "vmw"
// look for common filter/list combos: grep/egrep or lsmod/cat /proc/modules
| where tolower(ProcessCommandLine) contains "grep" or tolower(ProcessCommandLine) contains "egrep" or tolower(ProcessCommandLine) contains "lsmod" or tolower(ProcessCommandLine) contains "/proc/modules" or tolower(FileName) contains "grep"
| project TimeGenerated, DeviceName, InitiatingProcessAccountName, FileName, ProcessId, ProcessCommandLine
| summarize FirstSeen=min(TimeGenerated), LastSeen=max(TimeGenerated), Events=count(), Devices=dcount(DeviceName) by ProcessCommandLine, FileName, InitiatingProcessAccountName
| order by LastSeen desc
pass122.99s0.0062
gpt-5-mini-low
grep vmw /proc/modules
union isfuzzy=true DeviceProcessEvents, DeviceEvents, DeviceFileEvents
| extend cmd = coalesce(tostring(ProcessCommandLine), tostring(InitiatingProcessCommandLine), tostring(InitiatingProcessCommandLine))
| where isnotempty(cmd)
// Look for commands that inspect loaded kernel modules and search for "vmw" (case-insensitive)
| where tolower(cmd) contains "vmw" and (
    tolower(cmd) contains "lsmod" or
    tolower(cmd) contains "/proc/modules" or
    tolower(cmd) contains "cat /proc/modules"
    )
| project TimeGenerated, DeviceName, FileName, ProcessId, InitiatingProcessId = tostring(InitiatingProcessId), cmd
| summarize Occurrences = count(), FirstSeen = min(TimeGenerated), LastSeen = max(TimeGenerated) by cmd, DeviceName
| order by Occurrences desc, LastSeen desc
| limit 100
pass131.42s0.0063
gpt-5-mini-medium
grep vmw /proc/modules
union DeviceProcessEvents, DeviceEvents
| extend CommandLine = coalesce(ProcessCommandLine, InitiatingProcessCommandLine)
| where isnotempty(CommandLine)
// look for cases where a grep/egrep was used to filter kernel modules for "vmw"
| where (tolower(CommandLine) contains "grep" or tolower(CommandLine) contains "egrep")
  and tolower(CommandLine) contains "vmw"
  and (tolower(CommandLine) contains "lsmod" or tolower(CommandLine) contains "/proc/modules")
| project TimeGenerated, DeviceName, FileName, ProcessId, AccountName, CommandLine
| sort by TimeGenerated desc
| take 100
pass126.25s0.0074
gpt-5-nano-high
sh -c "lsmod; kmod list; grep vmw /proc/modules"
DeviceProcessEvents
| extend CommandLine = iff(isnotempty(InitiatingProcessCommandLine), InitiatingProcessCommandLine, ProcessCommandLine) // prefer initiating process line, fallback to process line
| where CommandLine has "vmw" and CommandLine has "grep"
| project TimeGenerated, DeviceName, User = InitiatingProcessAccountName, CommandLine
| sort by TimeGenerated desc
| take 100
pass134.68s0.0023
gpt-5-nano-medium
no answer
no query generatedfail50.00s0.0072
grok-3-beta
sudo lsmod | grep -i "vmw_baloon\|vmxnet"
DeviceProcessEvents
| where ProcessCommandLine contains 'lsmod' and ProcessCommandLine contains 'vmw'
| project Timestamp, DeviceName, AccountName, ProcessCommandLine
| limit 10
fail110.72s0.0243
grok-3-mini-beta
sh -c "lsmod; kmod list; grep vmw /proc/modules"
DeviceProcessEvents
| where ProcessCommandLine has "lsmod" and ProcessCommandLine has "grep" and ProcessCommandLine has "vmw"
| project ProcessCommandLine
| distinct ProcessCommandLine
| limit 10
pass116.45s0.0016
o1-high
no answer
no query generatedfail50.00s0.6576
o1-low
grep vmw /proc/modules
DeviceProcessEvents
| where ActionType == "ProcessCreated"
// Optionally filter only Linux devices, if needed, by joining with DeviceInfo:
// | join kind=innerunique (
//     DeviceInfo
//     | where OSPlatform == "Linux"
//     | project DeviceId
// ) on DeviceId
| where tolower(ProcessCommandLine) has_any ("lsmod","grep vmw","vmw.","cat /proc/modules")
   or tolower(InitiatingProcessCommandLine) has_any ("lsmod","grep vmw","vmw.","cat /proc/modules")
| project TimeGenerated, DeviceName, AccountName, ProcessCommandLine, InitiatingProcessCommandLine
| order by TimeGenerated desc
pass399.40s0.7621
o3-high
grep vmw /proc/modules
// Substitute your own time picker in the portal – query is time-agnostic otherwise
DeviceProcessEvents
// (Optional) keep only Linux devices – comment out if not needed
| join kind=inner (
    DeviceInfo
    | where OSPlatform == "Linux"
    | project DeviceId
) on DeviceId
// Look for interactive inspection of the list of loaded kernel modules
// Typical ways are either “lsmod | grep vmw” or “cat /proc/modules | grep vmw”
| where ProcessCommandLine has "grep" and ProcessCommandLine has "vmw"
| where ProcessCommandLine has "lsmod" or ProcessCommandLine has "/proc/modules"
// Return the full command line that was executed
| summarize Executions = count() by DeviceName, AccountName, bin(TimeGenerated, 1h), FullCommand = tostring(ProcessCommandLine)
| project Time = TimeGenerated, DeviceName, AccountName, FullCommand, Executions
| order by Time desc
pass130.91s0.0207
o3-mini-high
sh -c "lsmod; kmod list; grep vmw /proc/modules"
DeviceProcessEvents
| where ProcessCommandLine has "lsmod" and ProcessCommandLine has "grep" and ProcessCommandLine has "vmw"
| distinct ProcessCommandLine
pass121.79s0.0176
o3-mini-low
sh-c"lsmod;kmodlist;grepvmw/proc/modules"
DeviceProcessEvents
| where ProcessCommandLine contains "lsmod" and ProcessCommandLine contains "grep" and ProcessCommandLine contains "vmw"
| distinct ProcessCommandLine
| project ProcessCommandLine
fail128.47s0.0195
o4-mini-high
sh -c "lsmod; kmod list; grep vmw /proc/modules"
let LinuxDevices = DeviceInfo
| where OSPlatform has "Linux"
| distinct DeviceId;

DeviceProcessEvents
| where DeviceId in (LinuxDevices)
| where ProcessCommandLine has "lsmod" and ProcessCommandLine has "grep vmw"
| project FullCommand = ProcessCommandLine
| distinct FullCommand
pass384.76s0.0322
o4-mini-low
grep vmw /proc/modules
// 1. Define the time range (the actual window will be set by the client)
let StartTime = startofday(ago(7d));
let EndTime = now();

// 2. Identify Linux devices
let LinuxDevices =
    DeviceInfo
    | where TimeGenerated between (StartTime .. EndTime)
    | where tolower(OSPlatform) has "linux"
    | distinct DeviceId;

// 3. Search for grep vmw in process command lines
union isfuzzy=true
    DeviceProcessEvents,
    DeviceEvents
| where TimeGenerated between (StartTime .. EndTime)
| where DeviceId in (LinuxDevices)
| extend FullCommand = coalesce(ProcessCommandLine, InitiatingProcessCommandLine)
| where FullCommand has "grep" and FullCommand has "vmw"
| project TimeGenerated, DeviceName, FullCommand
| distinct FullCommand, DeviceName, TimeGenerated
| sort by TimeGenerated desc
pass5130.05s0.0359