Question Analysis
Investigate Windows file creation logs to uncover any new executable added directly to the System32 directory, which may indicate a UEFI persistence implant. What was the name of the file created?
b8a49f03-e3c4-40f2-b7bb-9e8f8fdddbf1
Question ID
10/23
Models Correct
1
Valid Answer
43%
Success Rate
Reference Answer
Human-validated correct answer for this question
wpbbin.exe
Model Performance Comparison
See how different AI models performed on this question
| Model | Answer | KQL Query | Status | Attempts | Time | Cost |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gemini-2.5-flash-preview-04-17 | sethc.exe | DeviceFileEvents
| where ActionType == "FileCreated"
| where FolderPath startswith "C:\\Windows\\System32\\"
| where FileName endswith ".exe" or
FileName endswith ".dll" or
FileName endswith ".sys" or
FileName endswith ".scr" or
FileName endswith ".cpl" or
FileName endswith ".efi"
| project Timestamp, DeviceName, FolderPath, FileName, InitiatingProcessCommandLine
| order by Timestamp desc | Incorrect | 3 | 34.81s | 0.0157 |
| gpt-35-turbo | No answer provided | No query generated | Incorrect | 5 | 0.00s | 0.0110 |
| gpt-4-turbo-2024-04-09 | wpbbin.exe | DeviceFileEvents
| where ActionType == 'FileCreated'
| where FolderPath has '\\System32'
| where FileName endswith '.exe'
| project DeviceName, FileName, FolderPath, TimeGenerated | Correct | 1 | 9.68s | 0.0509 |
| gpt-4.1 | wpbbin.exe | DeviceFileEvents
| where ActionType == "FileCreated"
| where tolower(FolderPath) startswith "c:\\windows\\system32"
| where FileName matches regex @"\.(exe|dll|sys)$"
| project TimeGenerated, DeviceName, FileName, FolderPath, InitiatingProcessAccountName, InitiatingProcessCommandLine | Correct | 3 | 13.08s | 0.0329 |
| gpt-4.1-finetuned | No answer provided | No query generated | Incorrect | 5 | 0.00s | 0.0551 |
| gpt-4.1-mini | wpbbin.exe | DeviceFileEvents
| where ActionType == "FileCreated"
| where FolderPath startswith @"C:\Windows\System32"
| where FileName endswith ".exe"
| project TimeGenerated, DeviceName, FileName
| sort by TimeGenerated desc | Correct | 2 | 6.46s | 0.0030 |
| gpt-4.1-nano | wpbbin.exe | DeviceFileEvents
| where FolderPath has "System32" and FileName endswith ".exe"
| project FileName, FolderPath, TimeGenerated
| order by TimeGenerated desc | Correct | 1 | 1.83s | 0.0005 |
| gpt-4o | sethc.exe | DeviceFileEvents
| where ActionType == "FileCreated"
| where FolderPath has "\\System32"
| where FileName has_any (".exe", ".dll", ".sys")
| project TimeGenerated, FolderPath, FileName | Incorrect | 3 | 26.99s | 0.0400 |
| gpt-5-high | wpbbin.exe | // New executables created directly in System32 root (no subfolders)
DeviceFileEvents
| where ActionType == "FileCreated"
| extend PathLower = tolower(FolderPath)
| where PathLower matches regex @"^[a-z]:\\windows\\system32\\[^\\]+$"
| where tolower(FileName) endswith ".exe"
| summarize FirstSeen=min(TimeGenerated), LastSeen=max(TimeGenerated), Devices=dcount(DeviceId) by FileName
| order by LastSeen desc | Correct | 2 | 119.11s | 0.0775 |
| gpt-5-mini-high | No answer provided | No query generated | Incorrect | 5 | 0.00s | 0.0134 |
| gpt-5-mini-low | No answer provided | No query generated | Incorrect | 5 | 0.00s | 0.0191 |
| gpt-5-mini-medium | No answer provided | No query generated | Incorrect | 5 | 0.00s | 0.0264 |
| gpt-5-nano-high | sethc.exe | let _timerange = 1d; // adjust as needed for the investigation
let _start = ago(_timerange);
let _end = now();
let sys32_exe_creations_DeviceFileEvents = (
DeviceFileEvents
| where TimeGenerated between (_start .. _end)
| where FolderPath contains @"System32" // direct System32 path
| where FileName endswith @".exe"
| where ActionType in ("Created","FileCreated","Added","Create","New")
| project TimeGenerated, DeviceId, DeviceName, FolderPath, FileName, InitiatingProcessFileName, InitiatingProcessCommandLine
);
let sys32_exe_creations_DeviceEvents = (
DeviceEvents
| where TimeGenerated between (_start .. _end)
| where FolderPath contains @"System32"
| where FileName endswith @".exe"
| where ActionType in ("Created","FileCreated","Added","Create","New")
| project TimeGenerated, DeviceId, DeviceName, FolderPath, FileName, InitiatingProcessFileName, InitiatingProcessCommandLine
);
(sys32_exe_creations_DeviceFileEvents
| union sys32_exe_creations_DeviceEvents)
| sort by TimeGenerated desc
| take 1
| project TimeGenerated, DeviceName, FolderPath, FileName, InitiatingProcessFileName, InitiatingProcessCommandLine
| Incorrect | 1 | 34.68s | 0.0021 |
| gpt-5-nano-medium | lsass.exe | let TimeWindow = 1d;
let StartTime = now() - TimeWindow;
union DeviceEvents, DeviceFileEvents
| where TimeGenerated between (StartTime .. now())
| where tolower(FolderPath) endswith "system32"
| where tolower(FileName) endswith ".exe"
| summarize arg_max(TimeGenerated, *) by FileName, FolderPath
| project TimeGenerated, FolderPath, FileName, InitiatingProcessFileName, InitiatingProcessFolderPath, InitiatingProcessCreationTime, InitiatingProcessCommandLine, InitiatingProcessId, InitiatingProcessAccountName, InitiatingProcessAccountDomain, SourceSystem, _ResourceId
| take 1 | Incorrect | 1 | 27.79s | 0.0029 |
| grok-3-beta | wpbbin.exe | DeviceFileEvents
| where ActionType == 'FileCreated'
| where FolderPath contains 'System32'
| where FileName endswith '.exe'
| project Timestamp, FileName, FolderPath, DeviceName, InitiatingProcessFileName, InitiatingProcessCommandLine, InitiatingProcessAccountName
| order by Timestamp desc | Correct | 1 | 11.07s | 0.0226 |
| grok-3-mini-beta | sethc.exe | DeviceFileEvents
| where ActionType == 'FileCreated'
| where FolderPath contains 'System32'
| where FileName endswith '.exe' or FileName endswith '.dll' // Assuming common executables
| distinct FileName
| project FileName | Incorrect | 1 | 15.78s | 0.0015 |
| o1-high | No answer provided | No query generated | Incorrect | 5 | 0.00s | 0.7260 |
| o1-low | No answer provided | No query generated | Incorrect | 5 | 0.00s | 0.6194 |
| o3-high | wpbbin.exe | DeviceFileEvents
| where ActionType hasprefix "FileCreated" // keep only create events
| where FolderPath matches regex @"(?i)^.:\\Windows\\System32\\[^\\]+$" // file sits directly in System32 root
| where FileName endswith ".exe" // PE executables only
// optional: exclude known legitimate installers/updaters, e.g.
//| where InitiatingProcessSignerType !in ("Microsoft", "Windows")
| project TimeGenerated,
DeviceName,
FileName,
FolderPath,
InitiatingProcessFileName,
InitiatingProcessCommandLine,
InitiatingProcessSHA256,
SHA256
| summarize FirstSeen = min(TimeGenerated),
LastSeen = max(TimeGenerated),
Devices = make_set(DeviceName) by FileName, SHA256
| sort by LastSeen desc | Correct | 2 | 78.80s | 0.0333 |
| o3-mini-high | wpbbin.exe | DeviceFileEvents
| where ActionType == "FileCreated"
| where FolderPath contains "System32"
| where FileName endswith ".exe"
| project TimeGenerated, FolderPath, FileName
| sort by TimeGenerated desc | Correct | 1 | 8.72s | 0.0077 |
| o3-mini-low | No answer provided | No query generated | Incorrect | 5 | 0.00s | 0.0393 |
| o4-mini-high | wpbbin.exe | DeviceFileEvents
| where ActionType == "FileCreated"
| where FolderPath has @"Windows\System32"
| where FileName endswith ".exe"
| project TimeGenerated, DeviceName, FolderPath, FileName, InitiatingProcessFileName, InitiatingProcessCommandLine
| sort by TimeGenerated desc | Correct | 1 | 40.97s | 0.0121 |
| o4-mini-low | wpbbin.exe | DeviceFileEvents
| where ActionType == "FileCreated"
| extend FullPath = strcat(tolower(FolderPath), "\\", tolower(FileName))
| where FullPath startswith "c:\\windows\\system32\\"
| where FileName endswith ".exe"
| summarize FirstCreated = min(Timestamp) by FileName
| project FileName, FirstCreated
| order by FirstCreated asc | Correct | 2 | 44.92s | 0.0186 |